вторник, 7 декември 2010 г.

How new modern buildings have become members of the energy producers

By Ilina Hadzhieva


As buildings are major consumers of electricity, the interest in developing solutions to improve their energy efficiency is very serious. Recently, much talk about so-called zero energy buildings, which are powered solely by renewable energy sources, and even sell their own needs for consuming power of the respective companies. By the time you start the practical implementation of such projects in the country, the agenda will remain a complex of measures to reduce energy consumption in newly constructed and existing buildings.

There are multiple technologies for the production of so-called. advanced solar cells. In some cases, instead of semiconductor materials, solar cells are made of photosensitive dye-impregnated layer of titanium dioxide. Other new technologies, for example, are based on the use of polymer materials. Photovoltaic modules are available in various dimensions of which, in turn, can be combined and connected to form photovoltaic systems with different sizes and power output.

Structure of PV systems Along with facing modules, photovoltaic system integrated into a building consists of more bearing structure, controller, battery and inverter. The controller ensures optimum performance of photovoltaic panels, while maintaining their working point is always in the zone of maximum power. In quite a number of applications controller provides optimum charge the battery. Its purpose is to accumulate excess energy generated by PV in the daytime, and it attaches at night, maintaining a continuous power supply to consumers.

It is known that at the DC bus could be connected directly to DC loads. These are some types of lamps, televisions, radios, refrigerators and more. Inverter, in turn, converts the constant voltage variable power frequency, which allows direct power to all consumers, standard.

This is executed at low power installations, such as systems intended to supply the automatic blinds, temporary lighting and more. Photovoltaic systems integrated into the facades of buildings can be connected to the grid or be separated as independent power sources. A variety of architectural

This is executed at low power installations, such as systems intended to supply the automatic blinds, temporary lighting and more. Photovoltaic systems integrated into the facades of buildings can be connected to the grid or be separated as independent power sources. A variety of architectural

As already stressed, in addition to the facades, photovoltaic modules can be installed on the roof and in windows in the roof space, awnings, railings on balconies, roofs of garages and many others.

This is executed at low power installations, such as systems intended to supply the automatic blinds, temporary lighting and more. Photovoltaic systems integrated into the facades of buildings can be connected to the grid or be separated as independent power sources. A variety of architectural solutions

Photovoltaic elements are typically installed on the south facade of the building. It consists of various modules made generally of crystalline silicon or produced on the basis of thin film coatings, made of layers of semiconductor materials with a thickness of several micrometers. Usually the layers are deposited on tempered glass, which according to the customer may be colored. Adding layers of glass on the base element of translucent photovoltaic module added to the functional characteristics of modules and heat and sound insulation.

Other new technologies, for example, are based on the use of polymer materials.

Photovoltaic modules are available in various dimensions of which, in turn, can be combined and connected to form photovoltaic systems with different sizes and power output.

Structure of PV systems

It is known that at the DC bus could be connected directly to DC loads. These are some types of lamps, televisions, radios, refrigerators and more. Inverter, in turn, converts the constant voltage variable power frequency, which allows direct power to all consumers, standard.

Of course, it is possible that the system be limited to the DC part, without the inverter and the ability to supply AC loads.

solutions

Unlike standard facade cladding, photovoltaic modules are produced entirely to customer of size, shape and color. They integrate successfully in the "cold" "cold-warm" and "warm" walls, roof windows, sun protection systems, balconies and winter gardens. Thus achieve their optimal integration into the overall architectural design of the building.

Modern solutions available in our market, offer insulated solar facades, which utilize solar energy and simultaneously combine all the insulating and protective functions.

Therefore, no longer talking about retrofitting components and for technical and architectural elements integrated in the facade, which enable the provision of various designs.




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